History of Rajasthan

They claimed to be the original Kshatriya - warriors seeing themselves as protectors of the dharma (religion) against invaders with attributes ascribed to the martial castes i.e. chivalry, bravery and unquestioning loyalty. By the 8th century most of the north-west desert was ruled by various clans in small kingdoms but the height of their power and glory was between the 13th and 16th century.

Ancient Period, upto 1200 AD

Rajput clans emerged and held their sway over different parts of Rajasthan from about 700 AD. Before that, Rajasthan was a part of several republics. It was a part of the Mauryan Empire. Other major republics that dominated this region include the Malavas, Arjunyas, Yaudhyas, Kushans, Saka Satraps, Guptas and Hunas. The Rajput clans ascendancy in Indian history was during the period from the eighth to the twelfth century AD. The Pratihars ruled Rajasthan and most of northern India during 750-1000 AD. Between 1000-1200 AD, Rajasthan witnessed the struggle for supremacy between Chalukyas, Parmars and Chauhans.

Medieval Period, 1201 - 1707

After 1200 A.D. Muslim rulers took over a part of Rajasthan. Ajmer and Nagaur were the prime centers for exercising their powers. Around 13th century, Mewar emerged as one of the most powerful state in Rajasthan and remained so for quite sometime. Mewar was the prime battlefield and the place has witnessed some of the most gruesome battles.

Modern Era: 1707 - 1947

Till the time Akbar ruled, Rajasthan and the Mughal Empire flourished in all its glory. After 1707, the Mughal power started to weaken. As the Mughal Empire began to break up, the political degeneration of Rajasthan started to take place. Rajasthan was then plundered by the Marathas and Pindaris. This carried on till the start of 19th century after which the British took over and continued till 1947.

Post Independence Era

Rajasthan was broken up into several small provinces by the British for easy administration. The first step that was taken was the slow merging of all the provinces into one state. This long process began in the year 1948 and ended in 1956. It was then officially declared as one state called Rajasthan. Now, Rajasthan has 32 districts that have been officially declared a part of Rajasthan by the Government.